Basic Bioinformatics Terms on letter S

These Basic Bioinformatics Terms on letter - S. It can boost vocabulary in bioinformatics. It can also enhance basic knowledge of Bioinformatics.

1. What is "SAM file"?

SAM file - It is a text format for storing sequence data in a series of tab delimited ASCII columns.

2. What is "Sanger sequencing"?

Sanger sequencing -It is dideoxy DNA sequencing method.

3. What is "Scaffold"?

Scaffold - It is a collection of contigs lumped together into one larger contig.

4. What is "Secretome"?

Secretome - These are all the secreted proteins of a cell/tissue/organism.

5. What is "Sequence-tagged site (STS)"?

Sequence-tagged site (STS) - It is a unique locus in a genome defined by PCR primers to amplify a single locus, used as markers to define chromosomal positions and to map genomes.

6. What is "Server"?

Server - It is a combination of both computer hardware and software that supplies a service to requests submitted by client computers.
The server processes the requests and then returns the results to the client. In short, it is a computer that makes services available on a network. For example a fileserver makes files available.

7. What is "Shotgun sequencing"?

Shotgun sequencing -It is a strategy for sequencing whole genomes pioneered by the company Celera. Genomes are cut into very small pieces, cloned into plasmids, sequenced, and then assembled into whole chromosomes or genomes.
This method is faster than hierarchical shotgun sequencing but is more prone to assembly errors.

8. What is "Signal peptide or signal sequence"?

Signal peptide or signal sequence - It is hydrophobic in nature, the first 20 amino acids of proteins synthesized that pause translation until the ribosome docks with the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

9. What is "Signal transduction"?

Signal transduction - It is conveyance of information from the outside to the inside of the cell. When a ligand binds to its receptor, the information is conveyed to the rest of the cell through a complex pathway of signal tranasduction that involves second messengers.

10. What is "Similarity"?

Similarity - It is percent of similar amino acids in the alignment of two sequences. Two amino acids are similar if they have similar physicochemical properties.

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